Albinism

THE GENETIC CONDITION

Albinism is an inherited genetic condition affecting the pigmentation of the skin, hair, and eyes.  People with albinism have reduced pigmentation causing very fair skin, which requires extra sun protection.  People with albinism have light-colored hair and less pigment in the iris and retina, causing increased light sensitivity as well as lower visual acuity.  They are at higher risk for skin cancer but with proper education, sun protection, and often visual aids, people with albinism can live thriving lives with normal life expectancy.

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ALBINISM IN AFRICA

In the United States, approximately 1 in 17,000 people have albinism.  Because it is an autosomal recessive trait, prevalence can vary by population.  In sub-Saharan Africa approximately 1 in every 2-5,000 (with community variance) people have albinism.

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Historically, people with albinism have faced significant persecution and discrimination in African communities.  Dangerous myths have been widely accepted through the influence of witch doctors, threatening the safety of people with albinism.  There are still frequent kidnappings, mutilations, and attacks as a backdrop for under developed dermatological health systems.  Consequently, people with albinism have had very limited access to education and health care that can prevent premature death from skin cancer.  

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Tragically, 9 in every 10 people with albinism in sub-Saharan Africa die of skin cancer before they reach the age of 30.  This crisis is completely preventable. With awareness and education towards the creation of more inclusive societies and basic measures of sun protection, no person with albinism should die as a result of their condition.